Colossus 2 (xAI; Memphis, Tennessee, and Southaven, Mississippi, US) was promised operations by 17 January 2026; at the end-of-August 2026 reading the public record evidences 946 MW of IT load against 1,531 MW announced or estimated. The book’s verdict: slipped.
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Announced or estimated (IT load)1,531 MW
Evidenced power (IT load), end of August 2026946 MW
The book’s verdictSlipped
The ledger’s reading is the end of August 2026: the promises and the states as they stood then. Each row’s evidence carries its own date, printed on it.
- Promised
- Evidence read
- Today
The announcement
- Announced or estimated capacity (IT load)
- 1,531 MW
- Where the announcement was read
- epoch.ai
- When it was read
The promise
- Promised by
- What was promised
- operations
- Where the promise was read
- tomshardware.com
At the close of the record
- Evidenced power (IT load), end of August 2026
- 946 MW
- Where the evidence was read
- epoch.ai
- When it was read
- The book’s verdict
- Slipped
The book’s note
On 17 Jan 2026 its owner declared Colossus 2 operational as the first gigawatt training cluster. Epoch read 239 MW on imagery of 13 Jan and 946 MW on imagery of 15 June, still its reading when the page was updated 24 Sep 2026: never a gigawatt at the close. The August 2026 compilation’s table of promised dates (row 31) scores it slipped, taking 946 MW as within measurement uncertainty of 1 GW; chapter 12 says missed. 1,531 MW is Epoch’s projection.
Also
- Who is involved
- owner xAI (SpaceXAI)
Filings that bear on it
- SpaceX, Form 10-Q for the quarter ended 30 June 2026, filed 4 August 2026 SpaceX’s report for April to June 2026 shows 1.4 gigawatts of installed GPU power draw, one AI customer at 19.5 percent of revenue, $13.3 billion of hardware leasebacks booked as debt, and the NAACP’s suit over Colossus II’s turbines.
- Space Exploration Technologies Corp., Form S-1 registration statement, filed 20 May 2026 SpaceX’s registration statement describes Colossus and Colossus II, in Memphis and Southaven, first clusters online in 122 and 91 days, an AI segment operating loss of $6.4 billion for 2025, and orbital compute from as early as 2028.
- SpaceX, Form 10-Q for the quarter ended 30 September 2026, filed 22 October 2026, unaudited SpaceX’s report for July to September 2026 shows revenue of $14.6 billion, $7.6 billion of it in its SI segment, one SI customer at 34.5 percent of the total, and the NAACP’s suit over Colossus II’s turbines.
- Anthropic, PBC, Form S-1 registration statement, filed 26 October 2026 Anthropic’s registration statement reports revenue of $4.6 billion for 2025 and $16.3 billion for the first half of 2026, up to $120.5 billion of compute from a SpaceX subsidiary into 2029, and the D.C. Circuit’s 2-1 ruling against it.
- Darana Hybrid, Inc. v. CTC Property LLC and MZX Tech LLC, verified complaint filed Shelby County Chancery 3 August 2026, No. 2:26-cv-03037 in the Western District of Tennessee, with exhibits Darana Hybrid’s complaint against CTC Property and MZX Tech claims liens of about $18.6 million on Colossus and $118.2 million on the Tulane Road data center, saying CTC wrongly ended its contract on 23 June 2026.
- Space Exploration Technologies Corp., final prospectus SpaceX’s final prospectus shows Anthropic buying compute on about 325,000 NVIDIA GPUs across Colossus and Colossus II for $1.25 billion a month through May 2029, which either side may end on 90 days’ notice after three months.
- x.AI LLC, CTC Property LLC and MZX Tech LLC v. Darana Hybrid, Inc., Cuttell Motorsports, LLC and Darryl Cuttell, No. 2:26-cv-02994 xAI, CTC Property and MZX Tech sued their contractor on Colossus and the Tulane Road project, Darana Hybrid, on 4 August 2026, alleging markups as high as 880 percent and overcharges it puts at $500 million to $800 million.
- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and Mississippi State Conference of the NAACP v. X.AI Corp. and MZX Tech LLC, No. 3:26-cv-74 The NAACP’s complaint alleges that xAI and MZX Tech began running twenty-seven gas turbines in Southaven between August and December 2025 without an air permit, to power Colossus 2, as xAI had earlier done at Colossus 1.
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration, establishment search and inspection details for Memphis, Tennessee, ZIP 38109, Tennessee OSHA state-plan inspections Tennessee OSHA’s records show X.Ai Corp. inspected in Memphis in October 2024, and Darana Hybrid at 3231 Paul R. Lowry Road in 2025, with four violations and $7,700 of penalties, and at 5420 Tulane Road, with none listed.
- Mississippi Commission on Environmental Quality, Agreed Order 7739-26 Mississippi’s agreed order lists 69 portable turbines at MZX Tech’s Southaven site, bars new ones after 15 July 2026, sets each a deactivation date from August 2026 to July 2027, and orders emissions testing of 14 within sixty days.
- Mississippi Commission on Environmental Quality, Amendment to Agreed Order 7739-26 Mississippi’s amendment of 11 September 2026, made at MZX Tech’s request, moved the retirement dates of turbines Nos. 15 and 16 to 5 and 8 May 2027 and retired Nos. 57 and 58 by 27 August 2026.
- NAACP v. X.AI Corp. and MZX Tech LLC, No. 3:26-cv-00074-DMB-JMV A federal court in Mississippi ruled on 19 October 2026 that the United States may intervene in the NAACP’s Clean Air Act suit over xAI’s Southaven gas plant but may not dismiss it.
- Mississippi Environmental Quality Permit Board, signed minutes of the 10 March 2026 meeting Mississippi’s permit board voted on 10 March 2026 to approve MZX Tech’s air permit for 41 gas turbines in Southaven, after about 199 parties wrote and 31 spoke against it, its staff calling the 27 portable turbines there exempt.
- United States’ Memorandum in Support of its Motion to Intervene and to Dismiss, Doc. 59, and the Declaration of Cameron Stanley, the Department of War’s chief digital and artificial intelligence officer, its Exhibit A, filed as Doc. 58-1 with the motion, Doc. 58, NAACP v. X.AI Corp., N.D. Miss., filed 15 June 2026 The United States moved on 15 June 2026 to intervene in and dismiss the NAACP’s suit over xAI’s Mississippi turbines, saying Grok’s availability “is a matter of paramount national security” on a Department of War official’s declaration.
- Residents’ declarations, Exhibits B to G (Dkt. 51-37 to 51-42), NAACP v. xAI In declarations filed on 12 June 2026 in the NAACP’s suit, six Southaven-area residents describe living near the Stanton Road gas turbines, one 0.78 miles away saying “sometimes I can only hear the turbines and nothing else.”
- NAACP, Young, Gifted & Green and Safe and Sound Coalition, request for evidentiary hearing on Permit 0680-00119, 9 April 2026 The NAACP, Young, Gifted & Green and the Safe and Sound Coalition petitioned on 9 April 2026 for a formal evidentiary hearing on MZX Tech’s air permit, arguing among other defects that the state failed to require emissions offsets.
- Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality, facility record AI 12592, read 27 September 2026 Mississippi’s facility record for MZX Tech at 2875 Stanton Road, Southaven, shows its air construction permit 0680-00119 issued 11 March 2026, on a site whose earlier holders include the Southaven Energy Facility and Duke Energy Southaven.
- NAACP v. X.AI Corp., No. 3:26-cv-00074-DMB-JMV The NAACP suit’s docket shows the defendants’ motion to dismiss of 15 June 2026 and, on 18 September, the United States appealing what it called a constructive denial of its motion to intervene and dismiss.
- Solaris Energy Infrastructure, Inc., Form 10-Q for the quarter ended 30 June 2026 Solaris’s report for April to June 2026 shows Stateline Power, 50.1 percent its own and leasing generating equipment to MZX Tech, with $339.7 million borrowed for an approximately 900-megawatt data center project and no lease yet begun.
- NAACP v. X.AI, No. 26-60806 The Fifth Circuit on 19 October 2026 temporarily denied the United States a stay of the NAACP’s suit against xAI, letting it refile if barred from the preliminary injunction proceedings.
- Haley v. X.AI Corp., No. 3:26-cv-00148 Three plaintiffs sued xAI, MZX Tech and SpaceX on 8 June 2026 in a proposed class action calling the Southaven plant’s noise a private and public nuisance to more than 10,000 people nearby.
- NAACP v. X.AI Corp., N.D. Miss., Dkt. 42 The federal court in Mississippi set, on 26 May 2026, an evidentiary hearing for 24 August on the NAACP’s motion for a preliminary injunction against xAI and MZX Tech, and on 21 August continued it until further notice.
- x.AI LLC et al v. Darana Hybrid, Inc et al, No. 2:26-cv-02994 xAI, CTC Property and MZX Tech’s suit against Darana Hybrid in federal court in western Tennessee, filed 4 August 2026, drew a motion to dismiss on 27 August, was consolidated on 4 September and amended on 17 September.
- Solaris Energy Infrastructure, offering memorandum excerpt filed as Exhibit 99.1, 2026 Solaris’s offering memorandum describes Stateline, 50.1 percent its own, contracted for seven years to supply about 900 megawatts of off-grid power to a data center customer, deliveries expected through early 2027, cancellation costing half the remaining revenue.
- Darana Hybrid, Inc. v. MZX Tech LLC, ET Olive Branch V LLC and Dev Property 2 MS LLC, DeSoto County Circuit Court No. 17CI1:26-cv-00523-WH, filed 6 August 2026
- Mississippi Environmental Quality Permit Board, Air Pollution Control Permit and PSD Authority to Construct No. 0680-00119, MZX Tech LLC, Southaven, issued 11 March 2026 Mississippi’s permit board issued MZX Tech an air permit on 11 March 2026 to build 41 gas-fired turbines at 2875 Stanton Road in Southaven, seventeen Solar PGM-130s, sixteen Titan 350s and eight ProEnergy 6000PEs, each with catalytic controls.
- Office of Governor Tate Reeves / Mississippi Development Authority, “Tech Leader xAI Investing More Than $20 Billion in Southaven,” 8 January 2026 Mississippi’s governor announced on 8 January 2026 that xAI would invest more than $20 billion in a Southaven data center, MACROHARDRR, near its newly acquired power plant site, raising its computing power to nearly 2 gigawatts.
- Solaris Energy Infrastructure, Inc., Form 8-K of 22 September 2026, Exhibit 99.1, the summary of the Stateline Power rental agreement given to prospective bond buyers A Solaris offering summary filed with the SEC sets the cancellation cost of Stateline’s seven-year contract for about 900 megawatts at all remaining undiscounted revenue in years one to three and half from year four.
- Amended and Restated Master Equipment Rental Agreement between Mobile Energy Rentals LLC Mobile Energy Rentals’ master rental agreement with CTC Property of 28 April 2025, filed by Solaris, keeps title with the lessor, charges rent monthly in advance, puts risk of loss on the customer and bars moving equipment without consent.
- City of Southaven, April 2026 business-starts report, MZX Tech entry dated 21 April 2026 Southaven’s list of businesses started in April 2026 records xAI, owned by MZX Tech, starting on 21 April at 2400 Stateline Road West with 30 full-time employees, licensed as a warehouse.
- City of Southaven, DeSoto County and taxing authorities, MZX Tech LLC ad valorem Southaven and DeSoto County’s fee-in-lieu agreement with MZX Tech, for a project of over $10 billion and at least twenty new jobs, sets its property taxes at one-third of the ordinary amount for up to ten years per item.
- Stateline Power LLC limited liability company agreement, 28 April 2025, Exhibit 10.3 to Solaris Energy Infrastructure’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended 30 June 2025 Stateline Power’s company agreement of 28 April 2025, filed by Solaris, puts title to its assets in the company and lists purchase orders for 16 Solar T350 and 17 PGM 130 generator sets with their catalyst systems.
- Loan and security agreement between Stateline Power LLC and Stonebriar Commercial Finance, 23 May 2025, Exhibit 10.1 to Solaris Energy Infrastructure’s Form 8-K Stonebriar’s loan to Stateline Power of 23 May 2025 is capped at the lesser of $550 million or 80 percent of equipment cost, naming 2979 Stateline Road W, Southaven, and 5420 Tulane Road, Memphis, as eligible locations.
- Tennessee Valley Authority, Board of Directors, “Board Resolution - Power Availability,” approved 20 August 2026 TVA’s board approved on 20 August 2026 more than 100 megawatts of firm power for an unnamed new directly served customer asking for initial power as early as November 2026, on terms in a confidential memorandum.
- City of Southaven, Mississippi, Minutes of the Mayor and Board of Aldermen, regular meeting of 18 August 2026, Part 1 Southaven’s minutes of 18 August 2026 record the mayor’s report of a contract with MZX Tech to swap the city’s 51-acre Tulane Road training site for 69 acres on Swinnea Road and $40 million for new facilities.
- NAACP v. X.AI Corp., No. 3:26-cv-00074-DMB-JMV The United States filed a crossclaim on 23 October 2026 asking the court to declare that the NAACP’s Clean Air Act suit over the Southaven power source for xAI’s data center cannot proceed against its objection.
- NAACP v. X.AI Corp., No. 3:26-cv-00074 The NAACP’s brief of 6 May 2026 asks the court to stop xAI and MZX Tech running the Colossus Gas Plant, 27 Southaven turbines powering xAI’s Colossus 2 data center, until permits and pollution controls are in place.
- Tate Reeves, Governor of Mississippi, letter to Todd Blanche, Acting Attorney General, and Lee M. Zeldin, Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, 29 May 2026, filed by the United States on 15 June 2026 as Exhibit B to its motion to intervene and dismiss, ECF 58-2, NAACP v. X.AI Corp., No. 3:26-cv-00074-DMB-JMV, N.D. Miss Mississippi’s governor urged the Justice Department and EPA on 29 May 2026 to intervene in the NAACP’s suit against xAI, calling its Southaven AI cluster a $20 billion investment temporarily powered by trailer-mounted gas turbines.
Campuses near it in the ledger
- Colossus 1 shares a party
Questions about this campus
- Is Colossus 2 energized?
- Colossus 2 (xAI; Memphis, Tennessee, and Southaven, Mississippi, US) was promised operations by 17 January 2026; at the end-of-August 2026 reading the public record evidences 946 MW of IT load against 1,531 MW announced or estimated. The book’s verdict: slipped.
- When was Colossus 2 promised to be energized?
- Colossus 2 was promised operations by 17 January 2026.
- Who is building Colossus 2?
- xAI (SpaceXAI) (owner).
How to cite this page
Dryburgh, Lee S. “Colossus 2.” In The AI Compute Race. DRYBURGH. https://dryburgh.com/vol1/ledger/colossus-2 (accessed 2026-11-01).
BibTeX
@misc{dryburgh-colossus-2-2026,
author = {Dryburgh, Lee S.},
title = {{Colossus 2}},
howpublished = {In \emph{The AI Compute Race}, DRYBURGH},
year = {2026},
url = {https://dryburgh.com/vol1/ledger/colossus-2},
note = {Accessed 2026-11-01}
}